x86 Instruction Set Reference

# LMSW

# Load Machine Status Word

Opcode Mnemonic Description
0F 01 /6 LMSW r/m16 Loads r/m16 in machine status word of CR0.

# Description

Loads the source operand into the machine status word, bits 0 through 15 of register CR0. The source operand can be a 16-bit general-purpose register or a memory location. Only the loworder 4 bits of the source operand (which contains the PE, MP, EM, and TS flags) are loaded into CR0. The PG, CD, NW, AM, WP, NE, and ET flags of CR0 are not affected. The operandsize attribute has no effect on this instruction.

If the PE flag of the source operand (bit 0) is set to 1, the instruction causes the processor to switch to protected mode. While in protected mode, the LMSW instruction cannot be used to clear the PE flag and force a switch back to real-address mode.

The LMSW instruction is provided for use in operating-system software; it should not be used in application programs. In protected or virtual-8086 mode, it can only be executed at CPL 0.

This instruction is provided for compatibility with the Intel 286��¢â���ž��¢ processor; programs and procedures intended to run on the Pentium 4, Intel Xeon, P6 family, Pentium, Intel486, and Intel386 processors should use the MOV (control registers) instruction to load the whole CR0 register. The MOV CR0 instruction can be used to set and clear the PE flag in CR0, allowing a procedure or program to switch between protected and real-address modes.

This instruction is a serializing instruction.

# Operation

CR0[0..3] = Source[0..3];
1
2

# Flags affected

None.

# Protected Mode Exceptions
#GP(0) If the current privilege level is not 0. If a memory operand effective address is outside the CS, DS, ES, FS, or GS segment limit. If the DS, ES, FS, or GS register is used to access memory and it contains a null segment selector.
#GP(0) If the current privilege level is not 0. If a memory operand effective address is outside the CS, DS, ES, FS, or GS segment limit. If the DS, ES, FS, or GS register is used to access memory and it contains a null segment selector.
#SS(0) If a memory operand effective address is outside the SS segment limit.

# Real-Address Mode Exceptions
#GP If a memory operand effective address is outside the CS, DS, ES, FS, or GS segment limit.

# Virtual-8086 Mode Exceptions
#GP(0) If a memory operand effective address is outside the CS, DS, ES, FS, or GS segment limit.
#GP(0) If a memory operand effective address is outside the CS, DS, ES, FS, or GS segment limit.
#SS(0) If a memory operand effective address is outside the SS segment limit.

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